SEE also: Ireland's social, economic and business deficits in 2020
According to the World Bank, only 13 countries out of 101 middle-income countries in 1960 grew to high-income status over the period 1960-2010.
The World Bank currently defines high-income economies are those with a GNI (Gross National Income) per capita of $12,056 or more.
The 13 high-income countries were — Equatorial Guinea; Greece; Hong Kong, China; Ireland; Israel; Japan; Mauritius; Portugal; Puerto Rico; Republic of Korea (South Korea); Singapore; Spain; and Taiwan.